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The Bologna trolleybus system ((イタリア語:Rete filoviaria di Bologna)) forms part of the public transport network of the city and ''comune'' of Bologna, in the region of Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy. In operation since 1991, the current system comprises four urban routes, and additional routes are presently under construction. Bologna has had two earlier trolleybus systems. The first one opened in 1940 and lasted only until 1945.〔Murray, Alan (2000). ''World Trolleybus Encyclopaedia'', p. 69. Yateley, Hampshire, UK: Trolleybooks. ISBN 0-904235-18-1.〕 The second earlier system, which was more extensive than the present one, opened in 1955 and was closed in 1982. At the time of its maximum extent in the 1960s and 1970s, it had a total of six routes.〔 ==History== The first Bologna trolleybus system was opened in October 1940, to integrate with the tramway, as in many other Italian cities. This system, however, lasted only a few years until closed in 1945, as a result of damage sustained to its infrastructure during World War II. The second trolleybus system was opened in 1955, in anticipation of the total replacement of trams (which were completely eliminated in 1963). However, the second system never reached a large extent, always remaining a minor network compared to the diesel powered bus network. At the time of its maximum extent (in the 1960s and 1970s), the second system was composed of two circular and four radial lines: * 32 Circolare esterna destra (right external circular, i.e. clockwise); * 33 Circolare esterna sinistra (left external circular; i.e. counterclockwise); * 41 Via Lame – Villaggio INA Casa (Borgo Panigale); * 42 Piazza Malpighi – Casalecchio; * 43 Piazza Maggiore – Villaggio CEP (Quartiere Barca); * 46 Piazza Minghetti – San Ruffillo. Line 42, with an outer terminus in Casalecchio di Reno, was the only one to exit the municipal area; it provided a service that was integrated with the Casalecchio–Vignola railway. The radial lines had reversing loops at intermediate points on the route: * on line 41 at Palasport, at Cinta Daziaria and at Borgo Panigale (Via della Salute); * on line 42 at Croce di Casalecchio; * on line 43 at Stadio; * on line 46 at Chiesa Nuova and in Via della Direttissima. As in other Italian cities, the trolleybus system experienced a decline in the second half of the 1970s, with the phasing out of the lines (converted to bus lines), with line 46 closing (converted to buses) on 1 August 1977; followed by lines 32, 33 and 43 on 30 September 1979; and line 42 on 30 September 1981.〔 The final closure was of line 41 on 1 June 1982 — a "temporary" withdrawal of trolleybuses for the summer which was made permanent on 16 September 1982.〔 Another source gives the last day of service as 14 June 1982.〔 The fleet was eventually disposed of. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Trolleybuses in Bologna」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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